#masana'antar dankalin turawa #potatoviruses #cutu-resistant iri iri #cropmanagement #precisionagriculture
Masana'antar dankalin turawa ta Amurka na fuskantar babban kalubale wajen yakar kwayoyin cutar dankalin turawa wadanda ka iya haifar da asarar amfanin gona da kuma lalata amfanin gona. Koyaya, sabbin sabbin dabarun sarrafa amfanin gona da nau'ikan dankalin turawa masu jure cututtuka suna nuna kyakkyawan sakamako na rage tasirin waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta ga amfanin gonakin dankalin turawa. Wannan labarin zai bincika sabbin bayanai da sabbin abubuwa a masana'antar dankalin turawa ta Amurka da tasirinsu kan makomar noman dankalin turawa.
A cewar wani rahoto na baya-bayan nan da Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka (USDA) ta fitar, kwayoyin cutar dankalin turawa kamar su 'yar dankalin turawa Y (PVY) da kwayar cutar leafroll ta dankalin turawa (PLRV) sune babban abin damuwa ga masana'antar dankalin turawa a Amurka. Wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da asarar amfanin gona mai yawa da lahani mai inganci a cikin amfanin gonakin dankalin turawa, wanda ke haifar da asarar tattalin arziƙin manoma da rage wadatar dankali mai inganci ga masu amfani.
Don yaƙar waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta, masu bincike da manoma suna aiki tare don haɓakawa da aiwatar da sabbin hanyoyin magance cututtuka dabaru. Hanya ɗaya mai ban sha'awa ita ce amfani da nau'in dankalin turawa masu jure cututtuka, wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen hana yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma rage buƙatar magunguna. Misali, USDA ta haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan dankali da yawa waɗanda ke da juriya ga PVY, gami da Ranger Russet da Russet Norkotah.
Baya ga nau'ikan da ke da saurin kamuwa da cututtuka, sabbin sabbin fasahohin sarrafa amfanin gona suna kuma nuna alƙawarin rage tasirin ƙwayoyin cuta na dankalin turawa. Misali, yin amfani da ingantattun fasahohin noma kamar jirage marasa matuki da kuma hotunan tauraron dan adam na iya taimakawa manoma wajen ganowa da sarrafa wuraren da cututtuka ke fama da su a gonakinsu. Wannan na iya ba da damar yin niyya ga wuraren da suka kamu da cutar da kuma rage buƙatar aikace-aikacen sinadarai masu fa'ida.
Gabaɗaya, masana'antar dankalin turawa ta Amurka tana samun ci gaba sosai wajen yaƙar ƙwayoyin dankalin turawa da inganta lafiya da ingancin amfanin gonakin dankalin turawa. Duk da yake akwai sauran aiki da yawa da za a yi, sabbin sabbin sabbin hanyoyin magance cututtuka da dabarun sarrafa amfanin gona suna ba da sakamako mai ban sha'awa ga manoma da masu amfani da su.
