Brendon Rockey na ƙarni na uku na noman dankalin turawa mai ban ruwa a Cibiyar, Colorado, na iya kasancewa cikin gadon iyali, amma aikin ya yi nisa daga gargajiya.
Dankali yana girma kafada da kafada tare da kayan amfanin gona na abokin tarayya kamar buckwheat da chickpeas. Filayen furanni suna haye filayen, suna yin wurin zama don kwari masu amfani. Shuka amfanin gona na dogon lokaci yana girma akan rabin gonar, yana samar da kiwo ga shanu da tumaki da abinci mai gina jiki ga kwayoyin ƙasa. Mosaic na gonakin na shuke-shuke, dabbobi, da rayuwar kwari yana gina lafiyar ƙasa tare da rage tsadar rayuwa da ci gaba da rayuwa ga Rockey da ɗan'uwansa, Sheldon.
“Yana kashe mana kuɗi kaɗan don noman amfanin gona fiye da yadda ake yi a shekarun baya; mun kula da amfanin gona, kuma ingancin dankalin mu shine mafi girma da muka taba gani,” in ji Rockey.
GANO DA AKA YI SHEKARU GOMANA DA suka wuce
Haɗin gwiwar samar da sakamakon jin daɗin gonar daga tsarin ganowa wanda ya fara shekaru 30 da suka gabata, tare da kawun Rockey.
Rockey ya gina kan binciken kawunsa, yana tsara abin da ya kira tsarin noman “biotic” wanda ke da fa'ida ga kowace gona. "Ba zan iya tunanin amfanin gona guda ɗaya wanda ba zai amfana daga muhimman ƙa'idodin da muka sa a gaba ba a cikin aikinmu," in ji shi. Canje-canjen farko a gonakin ya samo asali ne daga tsarin samar da “marasa lafiya,” in ji Rockey.
"Muna noman dankalin turawa da sha'ir a juye-juye," in ji shi. “Mun yi amfani da noman noma da yawa, da takin zamani, magungunan kashe qwari, da maganin kwari. Ƙasar tana da ƙananan kwayoyin halitta da ƙarancin tsarin ƙasa, wanda aka nuna ta zurfin yayyafa taya, da matsalolin cututtuka, ƙullun lokacin girbi, da dankali mara kyau, "in ji shi. “Ba mu kula da kasar sosai ba. Maimakon haka, mun jira alamun bayyanar cututtuka, sannan kuma mun magance alamun maimakon magance dalilin. "
Sakamakon ya kara farashin noma ba tare da karuwar yawan amfanin gona ba. "Wannan kyakkyawan tsarin tattalin arziki ne," in ji Rockey. “Ina da tunani daban yanzu. Ina ƙoƙarin kawar da abubuwan da ba dole ba. A maimakon haka, na zuba jari a cikin ƙasa.”
GASKIYA
Mayar da hankali ga saka hannun jari a cikin ƙasa ya ɗauki Rockeys ta hanyar sauyin yanayi na wasu lokuta daga dogaro da takin zamani, fungicides, da magungunan kashe kwari. Yayin da bambancin tsire-tsire da kiwo suka samo asali don kawar da wannan dogaro, lafiyar ƙasa ta haɓaka. Gurbacewar kasa daga iska "an ragu sosai," duk da yanayin hamadar gonakin, a cewar Rockey.
"Har ila yau, muna ganin karuwar tarin ƙasa, kuma shigar ruwa ya inganta," in ji shi. “Babban shaidar da ke nuna mafi kyawun tsarin ƙasa shine rashin rut ɗin da mai yayyafi ya bari. Maƙwabtan ban ruwa maƙwabta suna barin ruts a cikin filin zurfin inci 12 zuwa 18 a ƙarshen lokacin rani. A filayen mu, ƙafafun suna tafiya a saman saman.
"Gwajin ƙasa ya nuna cewa mun ƙara yawan carbon a cikin ƙasa, kuma muna da yawan jama'a da kuma bambancin raƙuman ƙasa," in ji shi. “Amma mafi kyawun alamomi - a gare ni - na lafiyar ƙasa shine kula da amfanin gona yayin kashe kuɗi kaɗan da kuma inganta ingancin amfanin gona. Tun da muke noman dankalin turawa na musamman, wanda wasunsu na iri ne, inganci yana da matukar muhimmanci a gare mu.”
Hanyoyin dogaro da kai da ke tallafawa tsarin noman noma suna fitowa daga bambancin shuka, ƙa'ida ta duniya mai fa'ida ga kowane manomi da ke noman amfanin gona. Ƙarin farko na amfanin gona mai rufewa, alal misali, ya kasance mai canza wasa ga Rockeys.
"Mun sami babban ci gaba lokacin da muka kawo amfanin gona iri-iri a cikin tsarin," in ji shi. “Farkon amfanin gona na kuɗi bayan haka, komai ya canza. Yawan tsutsotsin ƙasa ya ƙaru, kuma tsarin ƙasa ya inganta."
Ba da da ewa ba sun ƙara yawan bambancin shuka ga tsarin. "Misali, nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in dankalin turawa ne kawai a cikin filin dankalin turawa," in ji Rockey. “Sauran nau’in nau’in da ke tsirowa a wannan filin an yi niyya ne don tallafa wa wannan babban amfanin gona. Kayan amfanin gona na haɗin gwiwa kamar fis ɗin gona, chickpeas, chickling vetch, da faba wake duk suna tallafawa sake zagayowar carbon, gyara nitrogen, da samar da wurin zama da tushen abinci don kwari masu fa'ida. Buckwheat yana tallafawa kwari masu amfani, amma kuma yana tattara phosphorous a cikin ƙasa. Muna shuka tsiron furanni a kusa da ko'ina cikin filayen don ƙara tallafawa kwari masu amfani."
"Tun da muke noman ƙwararrun dankalin iri, aphids babbar barazana ce a gare mu," in ji shi. “Su ne ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda dole ne mu sarrafa su don kiyaye takaddun shaida. Samun bambancin shuka a cikin filayen yana ba mu damar sarrafa aphids ba tare da maganin kwari ba. Gujewa maganin kashe kwari masu tsada yana rage farashin da muke samarwa da kusan dala 200 a kowace kadada.”
Rockeys suna kula da jujjuyawar amfanin gona na shekaru biyu akan filayen guda huɗu suna rarraba kadada 500 da aka yi ban ruwa. Dankali na sabon kasuwa da kuma ƙwararrun kasuwar iri sun ƙunshi amfanin gona na farko na tsabar kuɗi, koyaushe ana shuka su tare da kayan amfanin gona. Amfanin amfanin gona na shekara ta biyu yana musanya tsakanin quinoa a matsayin amfanin gona na tsabar kuɗi da ake girma tare da amfanin gona na abokantaka, da kuma amfanin gona na tsawon lokaci wanda ya ƙunshi gaurayawan yanayi mai dumi da sanyi da nau'in nau'in ciyawa. Furen furanni suna ratsa filayen dankalin turawa.
A cikin fili mai girman kadada 120, Rockey na iya ba da kwatankwacin layuka takwas dankalin turawa zuwa filayen furanni. Wadannan, tare da tsire-tsire masu furanni a cikin layuka na dankalin turawa, suna ba da wurin zama ga kwari masu amfani da ke taimakawa wajen hana cututtuka a cikin shuka dankalin turawa. Don ƙara haɓaka ayyukan nazarin halittu a cikin ƙasa da kuma taimakawa ma'adinan kayan abinci na ƙasa, Rockeys sun haɗa kiwo a cikin tsarin samarwa.
Wani maƙwabcin maƙwabta yana kiwon shanu da tumaki a filayen amfanin gona daban-daban a ƙarshen rani da farkon kaka. Rockeys suna jujjuya nau'in dabbobin domin filin noman da shanu ke kiwo zai zama tumaki su yi kiwo a lokaci na gaba da za a yi noman amfanin gona. "Na yi imani samun bambancin dabbobin kiwo yana inganta bambancin halittun ƙasa," in ji Rockey. “Muna samun babban koma baya ga lafiyar ƙasa daga kiwo a filayenmu. Bugu da kari, muna karbar hayar kiwo daga mai kiwon dabbobi.”
Yayin da legumes a cikin amfanin gona na abokan tarayya da kuma rufe amfanin gona - tare da dabbobi - suna ba da haihuwa, Rockey kuma yana amfani da gyare-gyaren ƙasa don samun isasshen takin amfanin gona. "Na yada takin a cikin bazara," in ji shi. “An haɗe shi da takin busasshen samfurin kifi ne da abincin waken soya. A lokacin girma, Ina shafa ta cikin kifin ruwa mai yayyafawa, kelp, abincin waken soya, da shayin takin.” Takin ya fito ne daga gidajen abinci na Colorado.
HANYAR RUWA
Hanyoyin samar da Rockeys da sakamakon inganta lafiyar ƙasa sun inganta ingantaccen amfani da ruwa kuma sun taimaka musu wajen rage yawan ruwan ban ruwa da suke samu daga magudanar ruwa na gida. Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda rage caji da yuwuwar haɓakar buƙatun ruwa ta hanyoyi da yawa, gami da gundumomi, na iya yin wahalar kiyaye matakan ruwa mai dorewa a cikin magudanar ruwa, in ji Rockey. Kiyaye ruwa da gina juriya a cikin tsarin noman amfanin gona na taimaka musu wajen tsayar da aikin nomansu don yuwuwar rage samun ruwa a nan gaba.
"A gare mu, kiyaye ruwa ya fi jin dadi game da kula da albarkatu," in ji shi. "Ayyukanmu suna cikin hadari." Abubuwan karramawa da aka amince da sabon tsarin noman noman sun haɗa da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Ƙasa mai suna Rockey a matsayin Gwarzon Lafiyar Ƙasa. Ya zagaya kasar yana tattaunawa da manoma da makiyaya game da ayyukan noma da ya bunkasa. "Bambancin tsire-tsire yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ga noma kamar yadda muke yi," in ji shi. "Ka'ida ce ta asali wacce za ta iya amfanar kowace gona ko kiwo."
Kara karantawa game da Lafiyar Kasa