Lansing, Mich., Yana da ingantaccen tarihin bincike, tare da aikin iri ɗaya fiye da shekaru 140. Kuma shekaru 30 da suka gabata. Dr. Frank Telewski ya kasance wani ɓangare na tarihi a Jami'ar Jihar Michigan.
"Na girma wannan sha'awar shuka," in ji Telewski. Sha'awarsa game da tsire-tsire masu girma ya zama abin sha'awa yayin da yake girma, saboda wannan sha'awar ta ƙara haɓaka lokacin da ya shiga cikin tarihi a cikin 1980s lokacin da aka nemi Telewski ya kasance wani ɓangare na aikin fiye da karni. "Farfesa Beal ya fara gwajin a cikin 1879," in ji Telewski.
A cikin shekaru 142, a Ƙungiyar iri ta sirri a Michigan Sate ya gano daya daga cikin tsofaffin gwaje-gwajen kimiyya a duniya.
Tambayar ita ce, 'har yaushe ne iri za su ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ƙasa, musamman irin alkama' saboda a cikin 1879, ƙarshen karni na 19, ba mu da magungunan ciyawa, ba mu da manyan injiniyoyin fasaha. da garma don noma da noma,” in ji Telewski. Farfesa Beal, mai suna al'adar, yana da tambaya ɗaya mai zafi game da ciyawa. "Farfesa Beal, da yake da hannu sosai a aikin noma a nan jihar da kuma a cikin ƙasa, ya tashi don amsa wannan tambaya don sanin tsawon lokacin da iri iri ya kasance mai aiki," in ji Telewski.
Tare da wannan tambayar, Beal ya tattara nau'ikan ciyawa iri-iri 21 na shekara-shekara da na shekara-shekara, kuma ya tattara iri. “Kuma abin da zai yi shi ne ya kirga iri guda 50 na kowane nau’in ya hada su da hadin yashi sannan ya cika kwalabe 20 da yashi iri daya da iri daya. Kuma shirinsa shi ne ya tono da samun kwalba duk bayan shekara biyar,” in ji Telewski. An binne wadancan kwalabe a wani wuri a asirce a faduwar shekara ta 1879.
"Sa'an nan, ya bude kwalbar, ya duba abinda ke ciki, yada shi, sanya shi a cikin greenhouse kuma ya rubuta abin da ya haifar," in ji Telewski. Bayan Beal ya yi ritaya a cikin 1910, gwajin ya ci gaba. Kuma maimakon kowace shekara, a yau ana buɗe kwalabe sau ɗaya kawai a cikin shekaru 20. “Su kwatankwacin lokaci kaɗan ne na ilimin halitta waɗanda suka wuce shekaru 100. Kuma wannan shine abin ban mamaki, "in ji Telewski. Mutane kaɗan ne kawai suka san inda asirin iri ya ke a harabar. A shekarar da ta gabata, an matsa gungun mutane biyar don ci gaba da al'adar kuma sun tono kwalba a cikin Afrilu 2021.
"Muna yin hakowa da sanyin safiya, kuma akwai wasu dalilai guda biyu na hakan. Ba ma son jawo hankali sosai ga inda aka binne tsaba. Ba ma son masu neman sani su san inda kwalaben suke, don haka muna so mu yi ƙoƙari mu ɓoye abin. Wani abu kuma shine hasken rana na iya zama sanadin germination,” in ji Telewski. An haƙa a hankali, kamar yadda Beal ya yi shekaru 142 da suka gabata, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki tsaba zuwa ɗakunan girma kuma ta watsa su. "Sa'an nan kuma ku jira, wanda yawanci, kwanaki bakwai zuwa 10 shine tsawon lokacin da yawanci ake ɗauka don shuka iri," in ji shi.
Bayan kwanaki bakwai zuwa 10, tarihi ya fara toho a jihar Michigan da ya gabata.
Telewski ya ce "Abin farin ciki ne kuma mai ban sha'awa a zahiri rike shuka, don ganin wannan a zahiri." "Lokacin da cotyledon na farko ya fito daga cikin ƙasa kuma ya yi girma, kuma ka gane mutumin na ƙarshe da ya taɓa wannan shuka a lokacin da yake iri shine Farfesa Beal shekaru 140 da suka wuce," in ji shi. Daga cikin nau'in sako guda 21 da aka binne, daya ne kawai mai tsira a yau - nau'in Verbascum wanda aka fi sani da "Great Mullein."
“Yi magana game da wanda ya tsira. Ina nufin, wannan tsiro ce da yanzu ta rayu a cikin ƙasa sama da shekaru 140. Kuma har yanzu muna samun in mun gwada da high germination kudi. Za ku sami 20 na asali 50 iri iri, don haka shine kashi 40% na germination. A cikin 2000, muna da ƙimar germination 48%. Wancan ya wuce yarda." Telewski ya yi ritaya a wannan faɗuwar da ta gabata daga Jami'ar Jihar Michigan, kuma yana fatan gwajin ba wai kawai ya ci gaba da rayuwa ba, amma yana haɓaka ta hanyar ƙarin ƙarin amsoshin wannan bankin iri mai tarihi zai iya bayarwa.
“Mun fahimci girman lamarin. Wannan ya fi kowannenmu girma. A zahiri muna tsaye a kan kafadun ƙattai. Kuma dama ce mai ban sha'awa don shiga cikin wannan gwaji, tarihi ne, "in ji shi.