KARANNAN KASHI:
- Shekaru biyar bayan samun fasahar, hanyar Deere ta amfani da hangen nesa da na'uran koyo don gano kowane irin shuka za a gwada shi a gonaki a lokacin rani 2021.
- Manufar: Injinan gona suna motsi har zuwa mil 20 cikin sa'a guda suna yanke shawara kan feshin maganin kwari a matakin kowane tsire-tsire da ciyawa a cikin sakan, yana rage buƙatar amfani da sinadarai da yawa.
- Effortoƙarin AI na ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan fasaha da yawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da madaidaiciyar aikin gona don yin noman zuwa ƙarni na 21 da canza yanayin aiki a ƙauyukan Amurka.
Idan ya zama abin mamaki cewa gwanjon kwanan nan na lasisin 5G na lasisin broadband aka ci by manyan manoma Deere & Co. maimakon AT&T ko kuma wani jigon kamfanin sadarwa, watakila bai kamata ba. Noma - wanda sama da dubunnan shekaru ya samo asali daga mutane suna jan plows zuwa sinadarai kuma mafi kwanan nan zamanin ƙirarsa - ya shiga zamanin dijital. Hakanan ana magana da shi azaman aikin noma daidai, canje-canjen da ake gudanarwa ta hanyar tattarawa da nazarin bayanai, kan rayuwa da aiki a yankunan karkara, an saita su don haɓaka.
Misali ɗaya daga Deere wanda aka saita don farawa a cikin gonakin gona lokacin bazara mai zuwa ya haɗu da hangen nesa da mashinin inji - ko, don sanya shi cikin kalmomin da suka fi sauƙin fahimta, yi tunanin fitowar fuska don tsire-tsire. Baya cikin 2017, Deere ya sami kamfani da ake kira Fasaha na Kogin Blue, wanda ke aiki kan hanyar gano kowane tsire-tsire da ciyawa. Wannan ba aiki bane mai sauki idan kayi la'akari da cewa kadada daya tak ta gona zata iya kewaye dubban shuke-shuke kuma inji mai nauyi da ke motsawa a cikin filin yana aiki da sauri na 10-20 mph
AI tana tafiya cikin sauri zuwa kowane nau'in gonaki kuma bisa tsarin duniya. A China, gonakin naman alade sun kasance suna amfani fitowar fuska don taswira da lura da aladu'fuskoki. Kuma daga farawar Irish zuwa manyan ƙattai kamar Cargill, fuskar fuska saniya don gonakin kiwo suna ciyarwa.
Jahmy Hindman, wanda ya zama babban jami'in fasahar Deere a watan Yulin da ya gabata, yana magana ne a taron CNBC @Work Haske na ranar Alhamis. “Bayanin da ake kirkira yana matukar taimaka masu don su kasance masu matukar amfani da dorewa kuma mafi daidaito. …. Bayanai na da matukar mahimmanci wajen yanke shawara a wannan lokacin, rage abubuwan da manoma ke bukata su sanya a cikin kasuwanci da kuma kara yawan aiki. ”
Idan fasahar AI tayi aiki kamar yadda aka zata, shigarwar farko da za'a rage shine aikace-aikacen sinadarai don kashe ciyawar a filayen, ciyawar ciyawa. Maimakon yaduwar sinadarai da ke kashe komai amma tsire-tsire da aka sauya don canzawa don aiwatar da aikace-aikacen, masu fesawa na iya yin niyya ga kowane tsire-tsire da aka sani da kasancewa madaidaiciyar manufa, wanda zai iya haifar da manyan abubuwan ga kasuwancin kamar Bayer's Monsanto, wanda ke ƙirƙirar sunadarai da amfanin gonar GMO, sanannen shine Roundup.
Hindman ta bayyana fasahar AI a matsayin horar da sabbin hanyoyin sadarwar hanyoyin sadarwa don ganin ciyawa da kuma fesa ciyawa kawai a filayen amfanin gona. Samun ƙarin bayani ga mai shuka a matakin tsire-tsire shine babbar maƙasudin Deere.
"Ka yi tunani game da masara ko ayyukan waken soya a Midwest… 40,000 na tsire-tsire a kowace kadada a gona mai girman kadada 2,000," in ji Hindman. “Muna da sha'awar iya sarrafa kowace shuka a tsawon rayuwarta, rage abubuwan shigarwa da kuma kara yawan aiki. … Samun damar yanke hukunci a zahiri na da matukar mahimmanci ga bulo da karin darajar tattalin arziki ga masu shuka da samarwa a cikin filin noma. ”
Farm gyara fuska
Hanyar Fasaha ta Kogin Blue, har zuwa matakin shuka na amfanin gona - daukar hotunan tsirrai ta yadda yayin da injin ke shawagi zai iya yanke shawarar feshi cikin sakan, ko kuma kasa da haka - yana iya kasancewa wata muhimmiyar fasaha da ke zuwa gonar , a cewar Rob Wertheimer, manazarci tare da Melius Research wanda ya shafi Deere.
Tsakanin yanayi, manoma suna fesa maganin kashe ciyawa kamar Monsanto's Roundup akan filayen gabaɗaya don kashe komai. Manufar Deere ita ce ƙaddamar da Kogin Blue a cikin filayen ɓarna a matsayin gwaji na farko, maimakon cikakken layin amfanin gona. A lokacin bazara da lokacin rani, kafin a dasa, ciyawa ta girma cikin filayen wofi kuma wannan ba mawuyacin aiki bane ga AI kamar gano maƙasudai a filayen da dama dubban an shuka su, amma shine matakin farko na tabbatar da fasaha.
“Kuna daukar hotunan tsirrai da algos na horo wadanda suke bukatar yanke hukunci game da feshi cikin sauri, a cikin sakan, cikin hanzarin gudu, 15 zuwa 20 mph, da kuma tsalle-tsalle, mai fesawa yana zagayawa yana yinshi kowace rana har tsawon shekaru biyar ko 10. ba tare da kurakurai ba. Wannan yana da wuya, ”in ji Wertheimer.
Kamar yadda yake a cikin sassa da yawa, saurin canjin fasaha akan gonaki yana faruwa da sauri fiye da yadda masana'antar ke tsammani. Wertheimer ya lura da cewa shekaru goma kacal da suka wuce, tsohon Shugaba Deere kuma shugaban kamfanin Sam Allen ya yi tunanin cewa za a dauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin taraktocin masu cin gashin kansu su mamaye gonaki, saboda dalilai ciki har da batun tsaro. Amma tare da saurin ci gaba a fasahar tuki kai tsaye kamar Lidar, da kuma haɓaka AI, Allen ya canza ra'ayinsa cikin withinan shekaru.
"Manomi baya tuƙin da yawa," in ji Stephen Volkmann, wani manazarcin Jefferies wanda ke rufe Deere kuma ya kwatanta ci gaban da aka samu na tafiyar da ayyukan gona da matukin jirgin sama, inda a yau yawancin jirgin na sarrafa kansa ne. "Manomi na bukatar ya zauna a taksi yana sa ido, amma ya bar tarakta ta tuka kanta."
Fahimtar fuska yana ɗan ɗan tsorata… amma babu wani dalili da zai sa a yi tunanin ba za a yi nasara ba. Duba-da-feshi yana ɗayan fasahohin noma da yawa waɗanda suke da alama suna matsowa kusa da maɓallin faɗa.
Stephen Volkmann JEFFERIES ANALYST
Volkmann ya ce ganin-da-feshi AI ita ce fasahar "jima'i" da ke zuwa gonar. "Ina tsammanin mutane sun yi imani da gaske ne," in ji shi. "Wannan daidai yake da mota mai cin gashin kanta, kyamarar da za ta iya gano abubuwa da yawa kuma a horar da ita tare da algos na AI da kuma gano tsire-tsire daban-daban." Kalubale kan sanya shi aiki suna da yawa: tsire-tsire suna takawa kuma ganye suna lankwasawa kuma akwai inuwa da aka kirkira a filaye, kuma filaye wurare ne masu datti, wanda ke nufin dogaro da yin wannan aikin koyaushe kalubale ne, kuma aiki ne wanda yana buƙatar babban matakin nasara.
“Kamar tuki ne, suna iya yin kashi 95 cikin 100 na yau, amma hakan bai isa ba. Kuna buƙatar zuwa 5% don kiran shi nasara. Ba kwa son yin feshin sinadarin da bai dace ba a kan shuka mara kyau ko da kashi XNUMX cikin XNUMX na lokacin, ”in ji Volkmann. Daga qarshe, akwai damar AI don koyon yadda za a iya sanin shuke-shuke "masu kyau" da "mugayen" shuke-shuke ta amfani da dalilai daban-daban, da kuma mafi kyawun wurare don shuka, maimakon kawai a cusa ciyawar da ta dace don fesawa.
A yau, manomin masara na iya samun matsakaicin buhu kusan 170 da aka samar daga kadada, kodayake matakin rikodin 600 na gora a kowace kadada ya tabbatar mai yiwuwa, idan yanayi da ciyawa da sauran abubuwan da ke cikin filin, daga hasken rana zuwa kwari da naman gwari, ƙasa halaye na gina jiki da hasken rana da inuwa, ana iya yin nazarin su don ƙirƙirar haɓakar amfanin gona mafi girma. "Akwai bayanai da yawa a cikin miliyoyin tsire-tsire da ciyawa," in ji Wertheimer.
Deere ya riga ya ba da ExactEmerge da ExactApply fasaha waɗanda aka gabatar da su a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata kuma sun juya manyan ayyukan gona kamar shuka iri da kuma fesawa cikin ainihin aikin injiniyar noma, kuma masu gudanar da Deere sun ce a kan kuɗin da suka samu kwanan nan sun yi kira da shan wadannan fasahar ta manoma yana kara sauri.
Volkmann ya ce "Fahimtar fuska yana dan dan tsoratarwa… amma babu wani dalili da zai sa a yi tunanin ba za a yi nasara ba." Ya ce, "Duba-da-feshi yana daya daga cikin fasahohin noma da dama wadanda ake ganin suna matsowa kusa da wani wuri," in ji shi, duk da cewa ya kara da cewa har yanzu da alama wasu 'yan shekaru ne za a fara amfani da fasahar gano shuke-shuke.
Deere da 5G
Haɗin karkara yana da alaƙa da waɗannan ƙoƙarin fasahar da Deere ke mai da hankali kan ayyukanta da kuma yankunan karkara waɗanda manoma ke aiki a ciki. Yayinda lasisin 5G da kamfanin ya samo kwanan nan shine don ayyukanta na kera abubuwa - kyale shi yayi aiki da masana'antun wayo - Hindman ya ce akwai wutsiya masu kawo ƙarin hanyar sadarwa da 5G zuwa ƙauyukan Amurka.
"Bambance-bambancen dake tsakanin hada birane da karkara muhimmin abu ne a gare mu, da manoma, kuma yana da mahimmanci a cikin al'ummomin karkara wadanda suke aiki a kansu saboda dalilai na nesa da yanayin noma," in ji shi.
Ga manoma, ana buƙatar ƙarin saka hannun jari don tallafawa gudana tsakanin bayanan Deere na cibiyar sarrafa girgije da gonaki, saboda dalilai gami da ikon nesa saka idanu manyan injina a gonaki don buƙatun kiyaye rigakafin (misali famfon ruwa da ake gyarawa nesa ba wanda ya kamata ya yi tafiya ba fita zuwa filin), haka nan don aikin nesa da kayan aiki a nan gaba. Underwayoƙarin yana gudana ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da gwamnati da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, in ji Deere CTO.
Hindman ta ce tare da bandwidth 5G da kuma raguwar jinkirin da take bayarwa, sarrafa injina kai tsaye a gonar daga wani wuri mai nisa ya zama abu ne mai yuwuwa. “Akwai tarin fa'idodi da ke zuwa ga al'umma idan hakan ta faru. … Muna da yakinin iskokai suna baya ga hakan, ”ya ce game da goyon bayan gwamnatin tarayya ga shirin 5G a yankunan karkara na kasar.
Hindman ta ce daukar ma’aikata a kamfanin ya canza, da kuma horar da ma’aikata na yanzu, a kan layi daya da sabbin kokarin da ake yi kamar fasahar gane AI da sauran fasahohi. Kayan aikin koyon inji suna da matukar bukata, kuma a dunkule, Hindman ya ce a cikin 'yan shekarun nan daukar Deere "ya fi dacewa da kwarewar software," yayin da ake samun karin gwaninta na ma'aikata na yanzu don saduwa da bukatun sabuwar fasahar.