Masana ilimin tsirrai sun yi nazarin kwayoyin halittar kusan samfuran 140 masu cutarwa - na tarihi da na zamani - daga ƙasashe 37 a nahiyoyi shida don bin diddigin juyin halittu daban -daban. Magungunan Phytophthora, babban abin da ke haifar da cutar sankara a kan dankalin turawa da tumatir. Binciken, wanda aka buga a cikin Rahotannin Kimiyya, ya nuna cewa an samo asalin tarihin da ake kira FAM-1 a kusan kashi uku cikin huɗu na samfuran (73%) kuma a duk nahiyoyin shida.
"FAM-1 ya bazu sosai fiye da yadda ake tsammani, yana yaduwa daga Turai zuwa Asiya da Afirka ta hanyoyin kasuwanci na mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya," in ji marubucin da ya dace Jean Ristaino, farfesa a ilimin cututtukan dabbobi a Jami'ar Jihar Carolina ta Arewa. "Hakanan an gano zuriyarsa sama da shekaru 140."
FAM-1 ya haifar da barkewar dankalin turawa a ƙarshen Amurka a cikin 1843 sannan bayan shekaru biyu a Great Birtaniya da Ireland. Hakanan an samo shi a cikin samfuran tarihi daga Colombia - yana ba da shawarar asalin Kudancin Amurka.
FAM-1 ya haifar da barkewar cutar sankara a cikin Turai, yana barin yunwa da ƙaura a cikin farkawa. Ristaino ya yi hasashen cewa mai cutar ya isa Turai ta hanyar dankalin da ya kamu a cikin jiragen Amurka ta Kudu ko kai tsaye daga dankalin da ya kamu daga Amurka. FAM-1 ya rayu kusan shekaru 100 a Amurka amma daga baya wani nau'in cutar da ake kira US-1 ya canza shi, in ji Ristaino.
Ristaino ya ce "US-1 ba zuriyar FAM-1 kai tsaye ba ce, amma tsatson 'yar uwa ce." "Mun sami US-1 cikin kashi 27% na samfuran a cikin binciken kuma an same su da yawa daga baya."
Har ma da ƙarin munanan cututtukan cututtukan da suka samo asali daga Mexico US-1 tun daga lokacin sun ɗage US-1. Girbin tumatir na hunturu - wanda aka girma a Meziko kuma aka shigo da shi Amurka - yana dauke da kwayar cutar, in ji Ristaino.
Binciken ya kuma ba da shawarar cewa kwayar cutar ta fara yaduwa a cikin dankali sannan daga baya tayi tsalle zuwa cikin tumatir. Ristaino ya ce yaɗuwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin tumatir cikakke a cikin rijiyoyin jiragen ruwa.
Illolin cutar ba su iyakance ga lalacewar noman dankalin turawa na Ireland kimanin shekaru 175 da suka gabata. Ana kashe biliyoyin kuɗi a duk duniya kowace shekara a ƙoƙarin sarrafa ƙwayar cuta, in ji Ristaino. Dankali a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa yana da haɗari musamman saboda ƙwayoyin cuta ba su da yawa kuma galibi ba sa iyawa.