Masu amfani da ƙananan abinci suna faɗuwa a gefen hanya, amma bai kamata a manta da mahimmancinsu ba. Cikakken tsarin abinci mai gina jiki shine mafi mahimmanci. Don neman ƙarin bayani game da abin da wannan ke nufi ga masu shuka, mun yi magana da Jimmy Ridgway, Manajan Amfanin Dankali na Yara na Arewacin Amurka.
Idan aka kwatanta da nitrogen da potassium, dankali baya buƙatar yawan zinc, jan ƙarfe, manganese, boron ko magnesium, amma wannan ba yana nufin ba sa yin muhimmiyar rawa a cikin haɓakar dankalin turawa ba.
Me yasa kananan abubuwa?
Kayan masarufi kamar su tutiya, jan ƙarfe da manganese suna da mahimmanci ga tsarin ƙwayar jikin mutum. Wannan yana nufin cewa kiyaye zinc, jan ƙarfe da manganese a matakan da suka dace a cikin shuka na iya taimakawa wajen rigakafin cututtuka da kula da su.
A matsayin wani ɓangare na tsari mai mahimmanci tare da kayan arfi na yau da kullun yayin matsa lamba ya fi girma, matakan da suka dace da waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da babban canji, kamar lafiyar lafiyar mutum. "Muna iya buƙatar magani lokacin da muke rashin lafiya, amma akwai ƙarancin damar yin rashin lafiya idan muka sha bitamin ɗinmu kuma muka ci abinci mai kyau," in ji Ridgway. Ofaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ke aiki a cikin haƙuri da juriya ita ce matakin ƙoshin abinci da ake buƙata don shuka dankalin turawa a zahiri galibi mai guba ne ga microbe.
Manganese kyakkyawan rubutaccen misali ne na wannan aikin na musamman. Matsayin manganese dankalin turawa dankalin turawa ya ninka sau 100 me Streptomyces cututtukan fata (kwayoyin da ke haifar da tabo) buƙatu. Don haka lokacin da ƙasa ta haɗu da madaidaicin manganese, yawan cutar yana mamaye microbe kuma zai iya rage abin da ke faruwa na scab.
Calcium, boron da jan ƙarfe suna aiki don ƙarfafa ganuwar sel, wanda ya sa ya zama da wuya ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta su shiga don haka lalata ko lalata ƙwayoyin. “Calsium din dake cikin bangon kwayar halitta yana aiki kamar mannewa don haɗa su, don haka kwayar cuta mai amfani ko fungus ba zata iya mamayewa cikin sauƙi ba,” in ji Ridgway. Sauran sakandare da ƙananan abubuwa suna da takamaiman matsayi. Magnesium da boron, alal misali, sauƙaƙe motsi na carbohydrates daga ganye zuwa tubers; idan matakan su ba daidai bane, za a iya raguwa da yawa daga tubers ko kuma a daina tsayawa gaba ɗaya. Boron yana da mahimmanci ga rabe-raben salula gami da inganta ƙarfin kwayar halitta.
Waɗanne ayyuka ne mafi kyau don gwajin matakan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta?
Ridgway ya ba da shawarar masu shuka su ɗauki samfurin petiole kowane mako daga game da farawa tuber ta hanyar ƙarshen bulking. "Masu noman ci gaba kuma suna daukar samfurin kasa a lokacin kaka ban da samfuran lokacin kaka," in ji shi. Matsalar kawai ɗaukar samfuran ƙasa kodayake, shine cewa mai ƙarancin abinci a cikin ƙasa maiyuwa bazai samu ba saboda pH, ƙulla sunadarai, ko gaba da juna. Calcium, alal misali, wanda yake buƙatar zama a cikin yanayi mai narkewa don shuke-shuke dankalin turawa su ɗauke shi, galibi ana ɗaure shi azaman gypsum mai narkewa sosai ko carbonate mai ƙanshi. "Babu wata hanyar da za a iya amfani da alli mai narkewa sosai, misali," in ji Ridgway, "kuma ban taɓa jin matsalar yawan guba ta alli ba."
Waɗanne ƙa'idodin yatsa ne Ridgway ke ba da shawarar?
1. Abincin noman shuken gargaɗi ne na tsawon-lokaci. Buƙatu na canzawa dangane da matakin ci gaba, don haka ana buƙatar kulawa da abinci mai gina jiki kuma ya kamata a daidaita hadi kamar yadda ake buƙata daga shuka zuwa balagar tuber.
2. Gwaji yana taimakawa. Sanin ƙasa a cikin yankin yana da babbar hanya don samun kyakkyawan sakamako - kuma ba ɓata aikace-aikace ba. Yi amfani da samfuran nama don gano yanayin yanayin abincin mai tsire, ba wai kawai kayan aikin tabbatarwa ga wanda ake zargi da rashi ba. Shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki wanda ke aiki a wani yanki bazai zama mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka ga wani ba.
3. Fahimtar kirkirar samfur. “Masu shuka sukan yi imani da cewa idan suna amfani da kayan gwari masu dauke da sinadarin zinc da manganese cewa wadancan kayayyakin suna isar da sinadarin zinc da na abinci mai gina jiki; duk da haka, an tsara kirkirar kayan gwari don adana zinc da manganese a saman ganye don magance cutar. Duk da haka, an tsara takin zamani ne don shiga cikin shuka da kuma inganta yanayin abinci mai gina jiki, ”in ji Ridgway.
4. Biye tare da nazari. Yi samfurin petioles da kyau don kallon abubuwan da ke cikin matakan gina jiki. Zai yuwu a sami rashi na gina jiki ba tare da wata alama ta bayyane ba. Wannan na iya nufin asarar amfanin ƙasa ta layin.
A karshe, ya kamata manoma su daidaita tsare-tsarensu bisa kasuwar da tubers zai shiga; bukatun abinci mai gina jiki ya canza ne idan an yi amfani da dankali don sabuwar kasuwa, don sarrafawa ko kuma iri. "Idan mai shukar kayan gona ya shiga kaka tare da tsari mai ƙarfi dangane da waɗannan abubuwa, mai shukar - da tsire-tsire - ba za su taɓa damuwa ba."
Yara ta himmatu wajen taimakawa manoma su bunkasa dankalin turawa dangane da yawan amfanin ƙasa da inganci, suna da tasiri a kan ribar su. Ilimin noman rani, ƙwarewar aikace-aikace gami da kayan aikin fasaha da aiyuka - da mafi kyawun kayan abinci mai gina jiki akan kasuwa sune suka zama tushen Maganin Abincin Abincin Yara na dankali. Don ƙarin koyo https://www.yara.us/crop-nutrition/potato/.