Spuds tsira ne. Tubers sun yi fama da annoba iri daban -daban na kimanin shekaru 10,000, da kuma yanayin da ba a iya hasashe wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewar dusar ƙanƙara da amfanin gona a kowace shekara.
Wata ƙungiyar masana kimiyyar ƙasa da ƙasa ta ƙirƙiri sabon nau'in dankalin turawa wanda ke tsayayya da sanyi, yana sa amfanin gona ya fi ƙarfin hali. Wannan abu ne mai kyau saboda dankali ya rikide ya zama abinci na uku da aka fi ci a duniya, bayan shinkafa da alkama kawai.
Masu binciken ARS da abokan aikinsu daga Peru da Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison ta Agriculture ya shafe shekaru da yawa yana tantance nau'in dankalin turawa daga Dandalin Dankali na Amurka (USPG) don jurewar sanyi, a ƙarshe ya zaɓi Solanum acaule da Solanum commersonii, duka dankalin daji na asalin Kudancin Amurka, saboda sun nuna mafi girman ikon jure sanyi.
Ƙungiyar ta haɗu da waɗannan nau'ikan guda biyu kuma sun kimanta matasan, inda suka zaɓi wasu iyayen da duka suka yi tsayayya da dusar ƙanƙara kuma suka haɓaka haƙuri don tsananin sanyi.
A cewar John Bamberg, jagoran aikin USPG, kuma masanin kwayoyin halittu a Sashen Binciken Kayan Kayan Gwari na ARS a Madison, WI, kafin zaɓin ƙarshe, ƙwararrun sun yi gwaji mai ƙarfi don sanin haƙurinsu ga sanyi. Tawagar ta yi amfani da haɗin dusar ƙanƙara, madaidaicin injin daskarewa na gida wanda aka saita don yin kwaikwayon yanayin sanyi na dare, da madaidaicin gwajin dakin gwaje -gwaje don auna daidai adadin ɓarnar tantanin halitta.
John Bamberg:
"Kamar duk kiwo na dankalin turawa, ya ɗauki shekaru na gwaji da zaɓar tsakanin dubunnan zuriya don zaɓar wanda ya cancanci zama sabon ƙwaro."
Sun sanya wa wancan manomin suna “Wiñay.”
Abokan binciken Peruvian sun gwada Wiñay a cikin ƙasarsu. Sun shuka dankalin a yankuna da yawa a cikin yanayi da yawa kuma sun kimanta masu shuka da halayen masu amfani. Wiñay ya nuna amfanin gona mai kyau, tsananin sanyi, da manoma da karɓar mabukaci. Shin za a sami wata dama ga sabon ruɗani ya sami gindin zama a Amurka?
John Bamberg:
“Lalacewar ƙanƙara na iya faruwa a wurare daban -daban, kuma a lokuta daban -daban, a duk faɗin Amurka. A cikin 2019, manoman dankalin turawa a gabashin Idaho kadai sun rasa kusan kashi 30% na amfanin gona saboda lalacewar sanyi. Yanayin sanyi na iya lalata ingancin dankalin da kansa - ba wai kawai ya kashe ganyen ba - sa dankali ya samar da ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran soya ko tsiro mara kyau a matsayin iri don amfanin gona na gaba. ”
“Wannan binciken yana nuna fa'idodin adana ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na dogon lokaci, haɗin gwiwa na duniya, da rabawa. Babban fa'ida mafi fa'ida shine ga Peru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma abin da aka koya zai sami fa'ida mai yawa. Aikin da ke cikin Bankin Dankali na Amurka yana dawo da fa'idodi ba ga Amurka kawai ba, har ma ga ƙasashen da ke cikin gidajen waɗannan hannayen jarin. ”
Abokan binciken ARS sun kasance Jiwan Palta da Alfonso del Rio daga Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison; William Roca, Alberto Salas, da Rene Gomez daga Cibiyar Dankali ta Duniya ta Peru; da kuma Yesu Arcos daga Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria a Puno.
