Chemigation a cikin amfanin gona mai danshi-ruwa yana ba da damar isar da kwari masu tsari ta hanyar ruwan ban ruwa kai tsaye zuwa tushen tsarin.
Kuma yana yin hakan daidai gwargwado wanda ake buƙata don kwari mai tsada mai tasiri. Hakanan yana rage tasirin ma'aikaci ga magungunan kwari ta hanyar kawar da aikace-aikacen kwari don dasa ganye. Tunda yawancin manoman yamma sun riga sun yi amfani da ban ruwa don inganta amfani da ruwa, gyaggyara tsarin don isar da magungunan kwari yana da ma'ana. Yana baiwa masu shuka kayan aikin kula da kwari mai tsafta.
Nasihu don inganta ilimin kimiyyar
Nasarar da aka samu na magungunan kwari ya dogara da ingantaccen isarwar mahadi zuwa tushen da ke haɓaka. Kafin amfani da magungunan kwari na tsari ta hanyar tsarin ban ruwa, la'akari da wasu abubuwan agronomic da sinadaran da zasu iya tasiri sakamakon.
1. Tushen iri
Tsawancin aikin kimiyyar zai bambanta da girman shuka da nau'in tushe. Tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire suna da ƙaramin tushen yanki idan aka kwatanta da manya, manyan shuke-shuke, don haka yawanci ana buƙatar gajeren lokacin yin gwajin. A kowane hali, saiwar za su ɗauki maganin kwari ne kawai lokacin da tsire-tsire ke da wadatacciyar ƙasa don ci gaban shuka. Hakanan, ire-iren tushen ma na iya shafar jiyya. Brassica amfanin gona kamar broccoli da kabeji (dankalin turawa) suna da rashin ƙarfi, tsarin tushen fibrous kuma suna da buƙatun ban ruwa daban-daban fiye da zurfin, tushen famfo, irin kayan gwangwani.
2. Kadarorin ƙasa
Ruwan ban ruwa yana motsawa da yawa cikin saurin kwararar ruwa cikin kasa, kasa mai yashi idan aka kwatanta da ingantaccen rubutu, kasa mai laka. Don haka, yanayin ƙasa yana tasiri tasirin yawan ban ruwa da tsawon lokacin kuma yana iya tantance yadda ake amfani da magungunan kwari a cikin tsarin ɗigon ruwa. Yawan kwayar halitta a cikin kasa na iya kuma tasiri ga motsin magungunan kwari yayin yaduwar kitsen ruwa. Misali, imidacloprid yakan daure ne a cikin kasa tare da babban kwayoyin halitta, yana rage adadin maganin kwari da ake samu don ciwar tushen. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa imidacloprid yana da tasiri sosai akan wasu kwari a cikin manyan ƙwayoyi, ƙasa mai laushi.
3. Kayan kwari
Bincike ya nuna cewa motsi na maganin kwari ne zai kayyade lokacin da ya dace don kitsen maganin. Motsi na kashe kwari a cikin ƙasa yawanci tasirinsa mai narkewa ne da haɓakar bangare.
Misali, imidacloprid da chlorantraniliprole suna da ƙarancin ruwa mai narkewa da ƙananan raƙuman rashi kuma basa motsi da yawa a cikin ƙasa. Don haka, lokacin da ake yin kuli-kuli a tsarin diga-shara, yakamata a sanya wadannan magungunan kwari a farkon aikin ban ruwa wanda zai biyo bayan wani dogon lokacin ban ruwa don tura mahallin har zuwa iyawar.
Sabanin haka, dinotefuran yana da matukar narkewar ruwa kuma yana da matuƙar motsi a cikin ƙasa. Yi shi allurar kusa da ƙarshen zagayen ban ruwa don hana ɓata shi daga tushen. Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da adadin ban ruwa daidai ta hanyar amfani da ruwa ta tsarin diga a lokacin da kuma bayan sun gama aiki. Ko dai karancin ruwa ko yawan ruwa na iya jinkirta ɗaukar tushensu da kuma kula da kwari.
4. Drip sanyawa
Kafin amfani da kimiyyar motsa jiki, yi la'akari da wurin da ake ɗebo tef dangane da tushen ci gaban. A cikin tsarin saukar da ruwa na ruwa wanda yake gama gari a cikin samar da kankana, zurfin tef ɗin da ke ƙasa da farfajiyar ƙasa na iya yin tasiri ga lokacin amfani. Misali, hada sinadarin imidacloprid a gandun dajin da ke karkashin kasa inci 6 zuwa 8 inci a kasa da shimfidar gado galibi ana amfani da shi bayan bullowar shuka lokacin da jijiyoyin suka kafu kusa da tef din. A cikin kayan lambu masu ganye da yawa inda aka sanya tef a saman ƙasa, akwai ƙarin sassauci a cikin aikin sarrafa sinadarai.
Bayani: An taƙaita sassan wannan labarin daga littafin da Gerald Ghidiu, Thomas Kukar, John Palumbo, da David Schuster suka wallafa mai taken “Drip Chemigation na Kwarin a matsayin Kayan Gudanar da Kwari a cikin kayan lambu”Wanda aka samo a cikin Journal of Integrated Pest Management.