Spuds sun tsira, in ji Scott Elliot, Masanin Harkokin Jama'a a Ofishin Sadarwa na USDA a cikin wannan labarin. Ya ce tubers sun yi fama da bala’o’i daban -daban na kimanin shekaru 10,000, da kuma yanayin da ba a iya tsammani wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewar dusar ƙanƙara da amfanin gona a kowace shekara.
Amma yanzu, ƙungiyar masana kimiyya ta ƙasa da ƙasa sun ƙirƙiri sabon nau'in dankalin turawa wanda ke tsayayya da sanyi, yana sa amfanin gona ya fi ƙarfin hali. Wannan abu ne mai kyau, saboda dankali ya rikide ya zama abinci na uku a duniya, bayan shinkafa da alkama.
Masu binciken ARS da abokan aikinsu daga Peru da Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison ta Agriculture ya shafe shekaru da dama yana tantance nau'in dankalin turawa daga Bankin Dankali na Amurka (USPG) don haƙuri da sanyi, ƙarshe zaɓi Solanum acaule da kuma Solanum commersonii, duka dankalin daji na asali na Kudancin Amurka, saboda sun nuna mafi girman ikon jure sanyi. Tawagar ta haɗu da waɗannan nau'ikan guda biyu kuma sun kimanta matasan, inda suka zaɓi wasu iyayen da duka suka yi tsayayya da dusar ƙanƙara da haɓaka haƙuri ga sanyi mai yawa.
Bisa lafazin John Bamberg, Jagoran aikin USPG kuma masanin kwayoyin halitta a ARS Binciken Shuke -shuken Kayan lambu sashi a Madison, WI, kafin zaɓin ƙarshe, ƙwararrun sun yi gwaji mai ƙarfi don sanin haƙurinsu zuwa sanyi. Tawagar ta yi amfani da haɗin dusar ƙanƙara, madaidaicin injin daskarewa na gida wanda aka saita don yin kwaikwayon yanayin sanyi na dare, da madaidaicin gwajin dakin gwaje -gwaje don auna daidai adadin ɓarnar tantanin halitta.
Bamberg ya ce, "Kamar duk kiwo na dankalin turawa, an dauki shekaru ana gwaji da zabar tsakanin dubunnan 'ya'ya don zabar wanda ya cancanci zama sabon manomi." Sun sanya wa wannan manoman suna "Waye. "
Abokan binciken Peruvian sun gwada Wiñay a cikin ƙasarsu. Sun shuka dankalin a yankuna da yawa a cikin yanayi da yawa kuma sun kimanta masu shuka da halayen masu amfani. Wiñay ya nuna amfanin gona mai kyau, tsananin sanyi, da manoma da karɓar mabukaci.
Shin za a sami wata dama ga sabon ruɗani ya sami gindin zama a Amurka?
Bamberg ya lura cewa lalacewar sanyi na iya faruwa a wurare daban -daban, kuma a lokuta daban -daban, a fadin Amurka. A cikin 2019, manoman dankalin turawa a gabashin Idaho kadai sun rasa kusan kashi 30% na amfanin gona saboda lalacewar sanyi. "Yanayin sanyi na iya lalata ingancin dankalin da kansa - ba wai kawai kashe ganyayyaki ba - yin dankali ya samar da munanan kwakwalwan kwamfuta da soyayyen tsiro ko tsiro da kyau a matsayin iri don amfanin gona na gaba."
Bamberg ya ce, wannan binciken yana nuna fa'idar kiyaye tsirrai na dogon lokaci, hadin kan kasa da kasa, da rabawa. "Mafi fa'idar fa'ida shine ga Peru a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma abin da aka koya zai sami fa'ida mai yawa. Aikin da ke cikin Bankin Dankali na Amurka yana dawo da fa'idodi ba ga Amurka kawai ba, har ma ga ƙasashen da ke cikin gidajen waɗannan hannayen jarin. ”
Abokan binciken ARS sun kasance Jiwan Palta da Alfonso del Rio daga Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison; William Roca, Alberto Salas, da Rene Gomez daga Cibiyar Dankali ta Duniya ta Peru; da Yesu Arcos daga Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria a Puno.