A cikin binciken da aka buga a Rahoton Rahoton, Kungiyar Farfesa Song Xianjun daga cibiyar nazarin halittu ta kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin ta gano wata hanyar sadarwa ta kwayoyin halitta da ke karkashin tsarin girman iri a cikin shinkafa.
Masu binciken sun gano cewa kasidar da aka ayyana ta asali-OsTIR1-OsIAA10-OsARF4-yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sarrafawa. Shinkafa girman hatsi, da Dubu-dubu hatsi akan chromosome 3 (TGW3) phosphorylation na OsIAA10 yana daidaita yanayin ta hanyar canza siginar auxin daidai.
Nome shinkafa (Oryza sativa L.) wani muhimmin amfanin gona ne, yana ciyar da fiye da rabin al'ummar duniya. A cikin shinkafa, girman hatsi shine muhimmin halayen noma wanda ke shafar yawan amfanin gona da inganci. Koyaya, an ba da rahoton ƙananan hanyoyin da aka siffanta ta hanyar gado don sarrafa girman hatsi ya zuwa yanzu.
Tare da wasu ƙungiyoyi, masu binciken sun ba da rahoton a cikin 2018 babban QTL don girman hatsi da yawan amfanin ƙasa, wanda ake kira TGW3, wanda asalinsa wanda ke da alaƙa ya haɗa nau'ikan furotin mai kama da GSK3. Sannan sun gano furotin na canonical auxin/indole-3-acetic acid OsIAA10 a matsayin abokin hulɗar labari na TGW3. Kamar yadda aka zata, TGW3 yana da ikon yin phosphorylate OsIAA10.
Abin sha'awa, a cikin wannan binciken, masu binciken sun gano shafukan serine guda uku-Ser68, Ser75, da Ser97-na OsIAA10 a matsayin manyan amino acid waɗanda TGW3 ke samar da phosphorylated kuma sun gano cewa phosphorylation na OsIAA10 yana shiga cikin tsarin girman hatsi.
Bugu da ƙari, sun nuna cewa TGW3 phosphorylation na OsIAA10 yana inganta haɓakawa da kuma proteolysis na substrate. A cikin injina, phosphorylation na OsIAA10 yana jin daɗin hulɗar sa da OsTIR1 amma yana hana haɗin gwiwa tare da OsARF4.
Bugu da ƙari, shaidar kwayoyin halitta ya nuna cewa OsTIR1-OsIAA10-OsARF4 auxin siginar axis yana daidaita girman hatsin shinkafa.
"TGW3 na iya yin sulhu da amsawar brassinosteroid (BR) kuma ana iya yada tasirin ilimin lissafin jiki ta hanyar tsarin," in ji Dokta Ma Ming, marubucin farko na binciken.
Gabaɗaya, waɗannan binciken sun buɗe hanyar siginar auxin da ke haifar da phosphorylation don daidaita girman iri a cikin shinkafa, yana ba da bayanai masu amfani don haɓaka halayen noma a cikin amfanin gona.