#FertiliserOptimization #VariableRateTechnology #PrecisionAgriculture #CropNutrientManagement #PhosphorusApplication #PotassiumFertilisers #SiteSpecificFarming #CropProductivity
Canja-canje aikace-aikacen taki ya zama wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin takamaiman wurin sarrafa amfanin gona don haɓaka aiki da daidaito a kowane fage. Wannan labarin ya zurfafa cikin mahimmancin niyya abubuwan gina jiki daidai inda aka fi buƙata a cikin filin da aka ba su, ta yin amfani da fasahar ƙima don ingantaccen aikin taki. Musamman ma, yayi nazari akan mahimmancin phosphorus (P) ga matakai daban-daban na girma na amfanin gona da kuma tattauna ƙalubalen da ke tattare da tsarin tushen tushen wasu tsire-tsire, kamar dankali, a cikin cin abinci mai gina jiki. Bugu da ƙari, labarin ya shafi hanyoyin samun takin phosphorus daban-daban da kuma abubuwan da ke tasiri adadin aikace-aikacen su.
Sashe na biyu na labarin ya koma mayar da hankali ga mahimman abubuwan gina jiki na potassium (K), yana ba da cikakken bayani game da muhimmancinsa wajen haɓaka yawan amfanin gonar tuber, girma, da inganci. Yana haskaka tushen potassium daban-daban kuma yana ba da haske game da mafi kyawun ƙimar aikace-aikacen dangane da gwajin ƙasa da aka riga aka shuka. An kuma tattauna lokaci da sanya takin potassium, tare da jaddada mahimmancin yin amfani da shi yadda ya kamata don guje wa haɗari ga amfanin gona.
Ayyukan sarrafa amfanin gona sun samo asali sosai a cikin shekaru da yawa, tare da ƙara mai da hankali kan aikin noma. Wani muhimmin al'amari na madaidaicin aikin noma shine takamaiman wurin sarrafa kayan amfanin gona ta hanyar amfani da taki mai canzawa. Wannan dabarar ta ƙunshi amfani da fasaha mai ƙima, kamar tsarin jagoran GPS da kayan aikin sa ido, don ƙirƙirar cikakkun taswirori na buƙatun abinci na filin. Ta hanyar nazarin waɗannan taswirori, manoma za su iya yin amfani da takin zamani daidai gwargwado a kowane fanni daban-daban don magance takamaiman buƙatun abubuwan gina jiki na yankuna daban-daban.
Phosphorus (P) yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a matakai daban-daban na girma na amfanin gona, musamman a lokacin farkon lokacin da ci gaban tushen ke da mahimmanci. Duk da haka, tsarin tushen tsire-tsire na dankalin turawa yana sa su ƙasa da inganci wajen kwashe abubuwan gina jiki daga zurfin ƙasa. Sabili da haka, yawancin abubuwan gina jiki, musamman phosphorus, suna buƙatar amfani da su a cikin kusancin tushen shuka. Fasahar canjin canji ta baiwa manoma damar rarraba takin phosphorus bisa ga ƙasa da ta gabata ko taswirar amfanin gona, tabbatar da samar da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki a inda ake buƙata.
Ana samun maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban na takin phosphorus, kamar su superphosphate guda ɗaya, superphosphate biyu/ sau uku, monoammonium phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), ruwa P, da takin. Zaɓin tushen phosphorus ya dogara da abubuwa kamar kayan aiki, abubuwan more rayuwa, da ƙarancin lokaci. Yayin da ake iya amfani da takin nitrogen da kyau ta hanyar fesa foliar ko takin ƙasa, phosphorus yana buƙatar sanyawa a cikin ƙasa, kusa da yankin tushen.
Nau'in ƙasa, fara tattarawar phosphorus na ƙasa, ma'aunin buffering phosphorus (PBI), da yawan amfanin gona da aka yi niyya sune mahimman abubuwan da ke tasiri ƙimar aikace-aikacen phosphorus. Ƙasa mai yashi tare da ƙananan PBI yawanci yana buƙatar ƙananan ƙima, kama daga 60 zuwa 100 kg/ha, yayin da ƙasa tare da babban PBI, kamar yumbu ko ƙasa mai tsauri, na iya buƙatar ƙimar mafi girma, daga 200 zuwa 330 kg P/ha.
Don inganta dabarun aikace-aikacen phosphorus, yana da kyau a nemi shawara daga masana aikin gona na gida ko masu ba da shawara da suka san takamaiman yanayi da tsarin samarwa.
Amincewa da aikace-aikacen takin zamani ya haifar da ci gaba mai yawa a yawan amfanin gona da ingantaccen albarkatu. Ta hanyar niyya abubuwan gina jiki daidai inda ake buƙatar su, manoma za su iya rage yawan amfani da takin zamani, rage tasirin muhalli kamar zubewar abinci da zubar da ruwa. Wannan madaidaicin hanya kuma yana inganta amfani da abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ke haifar da ingantaccen amfanin gona mai inganci.
Don aikace-aikacen phosphorus, sanya takin mai kyau kusa da tsarin tushen yana da mahimmanci, saboda yana taimakawa tabbatar da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki da amfani. Sabanin haka, watsa takin phosphorus a duk faɗin filin na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa kuma zai iya haifar da ɓarna na gina jiki. Ta hanyar fahimtar takamaiman buƙatun abubuwan gina jiki na yankuna daban-daban a cikin gonaki, manoma za su iya ware albarkatu yadda ya kamata da samun ƙarin haɓakar amfanin gona iri ɗaya da bunƙasa.
Hakazalika, dabarun amfani da takin mai magani na potassium dangane da gwaje-gwajen ƙasa kafin shuka da buƙatun amfanin gona yana haɓaka yawan amfanin gona, girma, da inganci. Ta hanyar guje wa wuce kima aikace-aikacen potassium, wanda zai iya cutar da daskararrun tuber, manoma za su iya inganta albarkatun su da rage asarar tattalin arziki.
Duk da haka, tare da ƙara sarƙaƙƙiya na sarrafa takin zamani, manoma suna buƙatar sani da neman shawarwarin kwararru don yanke shawara mafi kyau ga takamaiman tsarin noma. Masana aikin gona da masu ba da shawara na iya ba da haske mai mahimmanci game da ayyukan sarrafa kayan abinci, baiwa manoma damar aiwatar da dabarun da suka dace don ingantattun sakamakon amfanin gona.
Source: Masu Noman Dankalin Australiya