Binciken makomar amfanin dankalin turawa
Farashin dankalin turawa da ake sayarwa yanzu a Uzbekistan ya ninka na shekarar bara sau 1.5. Farashin dankalin turawa ya kuma nuna matukar karuwa a Tajikistan; a wannan kasar, farashin 'yan kasuwa na dankali ya karu da kashi 52%.
A cikin shekaru huɗu da suka gabata, an sami hauhawa mai yawa a farashin dankalin turawa a Uzbekistan. A cewar masana, farashin wannan samfurin ya tashi da kashi 90% a shekarar 2017, kuma a karshen shekarar da ta gabata, Kwamitin Kididdiga na Uzbekistan ya ba da rahoton karuwar kashi 42%. Hawan kumbura a cikin wadannan shekarun ya kuma inganta, amma yawan karuwar farashin dankalin turawa sau da yawa ya wuce yawan hauhawar farashin kaya da kungiyar abinci.
Me ya haifar da hauhawar farashin dankalin turawa a Uzbekistan a shekarun baya? Masana EastFruit sun binciki yanayin noman dankalin turawa, shigo da shi da kuma amfani dashi cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata don gano manyan dalilan wannan ci gaban.
Binciken ya kammala cewa tsadar farashin dankalin turawa a Uzbekistan an yi daidai da wasu abubuwa da ba za a iya shawo kansu ba, mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu shi ne babban bukatar daga yawan jama'a. Koyaya, kwarewar ƙasashen da suka ci gaba ya nuna cewa dankali, a matsayin tushen ƙarancin adadin kuzari, ana cinye shi cikin ƙarami yayin da kuɗin shigar jama'a ke ƙaruwa. A nan gaba, darajar gyara don ci gaban yawan amfani da dankalin turawa a Uzbekistan saboda haka tasirin tasirin kudaden shiga na jama'a zai rinjayi shi.
Tunda ba za a iya magance matsalar ƙarancin dankalin turawa nan gaba ba nan ba da daɗewa ba, farashin farashin dankali a Uzbekistan da alama zai iya kasancewa da ɗan tsayi na dogon lokaci mai zuwa.
In 2020, farashin dankali ya tashi da kashi 42%, kusan sau 4 na hauhawar farashin kaya a shekarar. Abubuwa biyar za'a iya rarrabe su anan:
- Saboda yanayin coronavirus na duniya da asarar ayyuka, kimanin bakin haure 'yan kwadago' yan kasar Uzbekistan 600,000 suka koma kasarsu ta asali. Wani ɓangare mai mahimmanci na ƙaura masu aikin kwadago shine ma'aikata na lokaci-lokaci waɗanda suke barin aiki a farkon bazara kuma suna dawowa gida a lokacin kaka tare da farkon yanayin sanyi. A rabin na biyu na Maris da farkon Afrilun 2020, Uzbekistan ta gabatar da keɓewa kuma ta rufe iyakokinta. Kasuwannin kwadago na gargajiya na Uzbeks - Russia da Kazakhstan - sun yi hakan, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa baƙi masu aiki lokaci-lokaci suke zama a gida. An rufe iyakokin har zuwa karshen shekara; Har yanzu Rasha ba ta yarda da bakin haure masu aiki ba. Dawowar mutane dubu 600,000 tare da bakin haure na zamani wadanda suka kasance a gida sun samar da karin bukatar dankali.
- Ba annoba ba ce kawai abin zargi ga ƙaruwar farashi. Noman dankalin turawa a cikin 2020 ya karu da kashi 1.7% kawai kasa da yawan karuwar jama'a a cikin shekarar (1.9%). Ganin yadda ake samun ci gaba a yawan amfanin da ake samu a kowace shekara, karuwar samarwa ta yi kasa sosai da matakin don tabbatar da wadatar wadatuwa a cikin kasuwannin cikin gida don kiyaye daidaiton farashin (kusa da matakin hauhawar farashin)
- Girman shigo da kayayyaki kuma ya zama bai isa ba don ramawa ga ƙarancin ci gaban samarwa.
- Kudin shigar da kayayyaki da kuma kasadar kasuwanci sun tashi sosai saboda takunkumin keɓewa a kan iyakokin. Wannan ya tilasta wa masu shigo da kayayyaki shiga cikin farashin mafi tsadar farashin jigilar kayayyaki, wanda, tabbas, an canza shi zuwa farashin jumla da farashin yan kasuwa.
- Bukatar dankali iri, idan aka yi la’akari da yadda ake saidawa da kuma farashi mai yawa, ya karu matuka. Ribar girma dankali ta karu. Dangane da haka, an keɓance wani ɓangare na dankali mai kasuwa don iri kuma saboda haka bai faɗi kasuwa ba.
Danna nan don karanta cikakken labarin game da makomar farashin dankalin turawa