Yaya yawan sararin da ke tsakanin layukanku ya shafi dankalinku?
Fiye da ƙarni ɗaya, manoman dankalin turawa a duk faɗin duniya sun dasa shukar su a layuka. Faɗi tsakanin waɗancan layuka ya banbanta saboda sarari tsakanin dawakai, faɗin taya, yanayin ƙasa da ban ruwa ko filayen bushewa.
“Me zai hana mu dasa su kawai kamar alkama mu yada a gonar? Wannan mahimmin abin dubawa ne. A al'adance, a zahiri akwai wasu 'yan dalilai da yasa muka dasa a jere, yadda ya dace da yin amfani da sararin samaniya, jagorantar kayan aiki don kauce wa fasa dankalin turawa, "Mark Pavek yayi bayani yayin gabatarwa akan layi tare da matsayin dankalin Turawan Dankalin Kanada a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu.
Pavek farfesa ne a sashen noman lambu a Jami'ar Washington State. A wani bangare na karatun shekaru biyar kan dankalin turawa tsakanin layuka a Kogin Kogin Columbia a Washington, ya yi gwaji tare da fadin layi daban-daban don gano ko wane fadi ne ya fi dacewa ga noman dankalin turawa da kuma dalilin da ya sa, don kara samar da kayan.
Akwai wasu abubuwa waɗanda aka sani game da yadda tsakanin faɗin layi ya shafi dankali, in ji Pavek. Idan layuka sun fi kunkuntar za a sami tubers da yawa a kowace kadada, amma a kowace shuka kowace na iya samar da karancin tubers saboda gasar sararin samaniya. Hakanan tubers na iya zama karami a cikin girma.
“Abin da muke son yi a duk tsarin noman dankalin shi ne zai inganta yadda za mu dawo, ba lallai ne amfaninmu ya samu ba. Idan kuna sha'awar kara yawan amfanin gonarku kawai, zaku iya rasa kwalekwalen saboda girman bayananku yana da matukar mahimmanci saboda ana siyan dankalin turawa galibi akan girma, ”in ji Pavek.
Faɗin sahu kuma ya bambanta dangane da inda kuka shuka dankali. A Washington, layuka suna tsakanin inci 32 zuwa 34, sauran arewa maso yammacin Amurka sun bambanta tsakanin inci 34 zuwa 36. A cikin Kanada, fadin nisa suna kusa da inci 34, yayin da a Turai yawancin tsakanin layuka 30 inci. Kingdomasar Burtaniya babu kamarta saboda yawanci suna shuka layi ɗaya a inci 38, sannan layuka biyu masu inci 34 sai kuma jere mai inci 38 kuma. Wannan saboda suna da manyan tayoyi don lalatawa da lalata ƙasar, don haka suna buƙatar sararin taya.
Don nazarin Pavek sun shuka iri daban-daban dankalin turawa da suka hada da Russet Burbank, Umatilla Russet, Ranger Ranger, Clearwater Russet da Alturas, tsawon shekaru biyar. Sun matsar da layuka kusa da juna ko kuma nesa daga jeri daga inci 30 zuwa 36 a tsawon lokacin karatun. An gano inci 36 ya yi fadi sosai ga Kogin Columbia kuma an saka inci 28 a cikin binciken maimakon bayan shekara ta farko. Anyi amfani da matakin matakin shigarwa, takin zamani, kayan gwari, magungunan kashe qwari, da ban ruwa.
“Abin da muka gano shi ne yayin da layukanku suke matsowa kusa, tsire-tsire suna yin tsayi mai tsawo. Kuma dalilin hakan, na yi imani saboda shuke-shuke suna ganin gasar. Suna kokarin tsawaita inabinsu dan su kara hasken rana, ”in ji shi.
Matsakaicin nauyin tuber bai bambanta ba kamar yadda tsire-tsire suka daidaita zuwa gasar, Pavek ya bayyana. Lambar Tuber a kowace shuka ta sauya, tare da layuka masu kunkuntar da ke samar da tubers kadan a kowace shuka saboda karin gasa da akasin hakan.
Pavek ya ce "A wani mataki wadannan tsire-tsire suna jin gasar, kuma a wannan yanayin, suna samar da kusan adadin tubers a kowace kadada, duk da cewa layin ya sauya," in ji Pavek.
An gano duk nau'ikan da aka yi da kyau tare da inci 32 tsakanin nisa jere tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa da mai dawo da girma yana ƙaruwa. A sakamakon inci 30 sun yi kama amma amfanin ƙasa da dawowar tattalin arziki ba su ƙaru da yawa ba. A inci 28 wasu nau'ikan irin su Russet Burbank, Umatilla da Norkotah basu yi kyau ba. Pavek na zargin wannan wani bangare ne saboda rashin ruwa, saboda lokacin da aka kara yawan shuka a kowace kadada, ana bukatar ruwa mai yawa.
“Abin da muke gani shine ainihin girman tuber da gaske bai canza ba kamar yadda muke shuka kusa kusa. Tsire-tsire suna daidaita lambar tuber ta kowace shuka. Kuma abin da muka gani a zahiri yana da inci 32 ɗan ƙaramin karo a cikin girman martaba don mafi girma fiye da oza shida. Amma mafi girman oce 16 na tuber da aka bayar da gaske bai canza sosai a inci 28 ba, ”ya bayyana.
Nazarin Pavek ya gano dankalin da aka dasa a cikin fadi mai fadi ba koyaushe yake ganin raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa da shuka ba. Idan an dasa dankalin a kusa da nisa, za a sami karin shuke-shuke a kowace kadada wacce za ta haifar da yawan amfanin gona a kowace kadada, idan amfanin gonar mutum ya zauna iri daya. Pavek ya yi imani dangane da sakamakon binciken cewa mai yiwuwa a rage fadin a Washington, amma har yanzu ba zai yi aiki ga kowa ba, musamman masu noman rani wadanda ba su iya samar da ban ruwa ga dankalin da aka dasa.
“Yayin da kake la’akari da canje-canjen fadin layi, kana bukatar la’akari da bukatun kayan aiki a kan sauran albarkatu. Traila faɗin tarakta da faɗin taya zai iya shafar wataƙila, kuma ƙila ku canza abubuwa. Girman daya bai dace da duka ba, fadin jere da yanayin sarari ya bambanta da yanki da kasuwa masu tasowa, kuma yana iya dogaro da ire-iren abubuwan da kuke shukawa, ”in ji shi.