Iyakantattun takamaiman ƙwayoyin halittar juriya ke samuwa don kiwo na nau'in dankalin turawa mai jure phytophthora. Don kula da waɗannan tsayin daka, yana da mahimmanci cewa ba a ba wa ɓarna, ɓarna-ɓacin ƙarfin phytophthora kowane sarari.
Wannan shine sakon mai bincike Geert Kessel na Jami'ar Wageningen & Bincike (WUR). Ya shawarci manoman dankalin turawa da dankakken dankali su cire tare da lalata shuke-shuke da phytophthora ya shafa da wuri-wuri a lokacin kaka. "Bai kamata a bar wadannan rikice-rikicen cutar su yadu ba kuma su zama manya a cikin Phytophthora."
Kessel ta ba da bita kan kula da juriya yayin Makon Ilimin Bio a ranar Juma'a. Yayi hakan ne a cikin yanayin 'Canza hanzari zuwa varietiesarfin dankalin turawa mai ƙarfi'. Wannan alkawarin, wanda aka fara shi a cikin 2017 a ƙaddarar ɓangaren ɓangaren dankalin turawa, yana da niyyar haɓaka 100 bisa ɗari mai ƙarfi a cikin Netherlands don hanyoyin sayar da ƙwayoyi daga kakar mai zuwa.
Dalilin alkawarin
Ustaƙƙarfan ƙarfi yana nufin tsayayya ga phytophthora. Don ganewa da tabbatar da ma'anar alkawarin a gaba, yana da matukar mahimmanci masu shuka dankalin turawa suyi taka tsan-tsan da irin dake akwai. A cikin jawabin nasa, Kessel ya nuna yadda phytophthora ya bayyana kansa a aikace kuma menene tasirin akan noman irin.
• Karanta kuma: Arin shekaru uku don neman potatoesarfin dankalin turawa
Masanin binciken kare tsire-tsire kuma masanin ilimin phytophthora a WUR yayi kwatankwacin corona. 'Da a ce mun sami nasarar ware mara lafiyar farko da cutar kwaro, to da wannan kwayar cutar ba za ta taba yaduwa cikin annoba ba, kamar yadda muke magance ta yanzu. Haka yake da masu rikitarwa masu rikida Phytophthora. Idan muka ci gaba da murkushe shi, irin wannan bambancin zai ɓace kai tsaye. ''
Nau'in halittar jini na musamman
A cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, Kessel da abokan aikinsa daga filayen demo tare da witharfin dankalin turawa sun tattara keɓewa tare da tabo na phytophthora a wurare uku a cikin Netherlands. Binciken nasa ya nuna cewa a cikin 2019 yawanci phytophthora iri EU 36 an samo shi akan nau'ikan ƙarfi. Bambancin ya fi girma a shekarar da ta gabata. Baya ga EU 36, wannan kuma ya damu, misali, Blue 13, EU 37 da kuma babban rukunin 'launin toka' tare da sabbin nau'ikan halittar ta musamman.
Bambancin mafi girma kuma musamman babban gudummawar wannan rukunin launin toka tare da sabbin nau'ikan halittu iri daban daban a cikin shekarar 2020 ya nuna, a cewar Kessel, yadda Phytophthora ke iya daidaita kwazo cikin sauri don canza yanayi. 'Naman gwari yana amfani da dabarun rayuwa na mafi dacewa. A sakamakon haka, adadin da ke cikin yawan fungal yana canzawa kuma phytophthora yana ci gaba da inganta. ''
Gwajin ƙwayar cuta da rukuni mai launin toka
Daga baya masu binciken WUR sun gwada keɓe daga filayen demo. An gudanar da wannan tare da duk dacewar kwayoyin juriya na phytophthora. Gwajin ƙwayar cuta ya tabbatar da cewa, musamman, wakilai daga rukunin masu launin toka lokaci-lokaci suna ƙunshe da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. 'Abin farin ciki, waɗannan rikice-rikicen ba su faru a aikace ba a cikin sifa babba,' in ji Kessel.
'Har ila yau, muna samun ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin wasu ƙwayoyin halittar juriya. A aikace, wannan ba ya haifar da wata matsala ba tukuna. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa matsin zaɓin ya kasance mara ƙasa don waɗannan matsalolin da ba a sani ba. Tushen kyakkyawan tsarin juriya kuma don haka kiyaye tsayin daka shine don tabbatar da cewa kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta masu rauni suna iyakance gwargwadon iko. ''
Kwayoyin halittar R ba safai ba
A ƙarshe, mai binciken na WUR ya jaddada cewa babu wadatattun ƙwayoyin halittar juriya game da ƙwayar cuta da ke akwai. 'Don yanzu dole ne muyi tare da maɓuɓɓugar gwagwarmaya waɗanda yanzu aka san su. Kwayoyin halittar R ba su da yawa kuma saboda haka suna da mahimmanci. Duk dalilin da yasa yafi amfani da wannan a hankali cikin noman dankalin turawa. ''